My paternal grandmother, Violet Victoria Brown, was born to
George and Martha Brown on November 8, 1897 in Newtown, New South Wales, the
youngest of four children. Within three weeks of her birth, the tragic drowning
of her brother, Thomas, in the Clyde River, Granville was to leave her the
youngest of three and to traumatise her parents, especially her father,
irrevocably. It is family wisdom that growing up with the story of Tom’s
misadventure gave her a lifelong fear of going into the water and certainly she never learnt to swim and protested at her children doing so.
Violet Victoria Brown aged in her teens
I only met my Australian grandmother a handful of times. The above pieces of information came from my knowledgeable cousin Cheryl Venables and from my own research. Most of what follows is based on four
pages of spidery writing in blue biro on lined notepaper I found amongst some old
family photographs from the Pittard side of the family. Dating from the 1980s, they are a determined attempt by ‘Ma’
(as my father always called her) to set down her memories of life as a young
woman in Sydney’s Newtown. It has been an honour and a pleasure to interpret
them and to further research some of their content.
Throughout the late 1890s and early 1900s Violet and her
family lived at various addresses in Newtown, principally in Australia Street,
toward the Camperdown end, possibly at number 81 which shows up as the
residence of her brother Victor in the 1930s. She is likely to have attended Newtown
Public school until the age of about 14 when she left and found work as a shop
assistant at Sweet Brothers. Sweet Brothers was an established drapery and
variety goods store located at 249 King Street where the IGA now stands. As the 1912 photograph below shows, it
occupied two adjacent sites as well. What remains of the original building became a series of supermarkets. The art nouveau plaster ceiling of the Sweet Brothers is still visible above the shelves of groceries at
IGA.
Three views of 249 King Street, Newtown, as Sweet Bros in 1912
and as Flemings and IGA much later in the 20thC.
Violet was paid 5/- a week for working on the women’s
garments and accessories counter. There she sold hair chignons for 2 shillings and 11 pence each that
were matched to a woman’s natural hair and pinned into place with hairpins. The
chignons formed rolls around which the woman’s own hair was swathed enabling
Newtown ladies to achieve fashionable Edwardian hairstyles. The nearby
millinery and frock department had a very erect and proper lady floor walker, a
kind of female captain Peacock, who swished up and down the aisles in a high
necked black dress with a long train.
The shop used the vacuum tube method of sending money to the
cashiers; small cylinders ran on wires overhead. The customer’s money went inside,
Violet or a co-worker then pulled a cord and the tube was propelled towards the
cash desk; the customer’s change was returned to the counter in the same
manner.
Sweet Brothers’ merchandise was widely varied and, as the
1911 advertisement below attests, delivered free to purchasers throughout New South
Wales. No wonder it was where ‘Biz hums’! My grandmother particularly recalled
the tables of beautiful glassware priced at 1/- and 2/- a piece (mass machine
manufacture of glass began in the 1880s) and the popular cutthroat style ‘Bengal
Razors’ selling at 1 shilling and 11 pence and 2 shillings and 11 pence.
Top: Advertisement for Sweet Brothers 'Where Biz Hums', Evening News, Nov 14, 1911.
Above: A Bengal Razor of the kind Sweet Bros sold.
Violet began ‘stepping out’ with young men in her later
teens (she married at 19). Newtown was a thriving shopping centre and King
Street bustled. It had its own picture show, The Hub (not the one at Newtown Bridge
but an earlier theatre of that name on the south side of King Street near the
corner of Brown St), as well as markets and the St Georges (dance) Hall near
the station. Courting couples may even have strayed into the tree filled, shady
St Stephens cemetery which was not to surrender most of its grounds and many of
its graves to form Camperdown Memorial Rest Park until the 1940s.
Violet describes a walk with a beau along King Street passing
various buildings and businesses and sometimes calling in to buy. On the south
side of King Street, on the corner of Erskineville Road was Newtown’s superb 1893
red brick Post Office which still stands, albeit beleaguered by one remodelling
of its ground floor after another. A few steps along was the Presbyterian (now
Uniting) Church and R.H. Gordon’s furniture store from which Violet’s brother,
Vic, bought 3 rooms of furniture when he married in 1910 for just £27.00 paid
off in weekly instalments of 2/6. Hire purchase being a new practice that enabled newlyweds to furnish their homes now and pay gradually.
Both Marcus Clarke and Anthony Horderns had Newtown stores
in her day but it is Brennan’s Drapers on the corner of King and Wilson Streets
that Violet recalled. The façade of its
once grand premises still stands though the shell now houses a gym, a pharmacy,
a boutique and a video hire business, amongst other shops, at ground level, and offices in its upper two storeys. Brennan’s
still traded when I was a uni student living in Newtown in the 1980s; its
underwear, scarves and giftware displayed on wooden tables and racks of blouses
and overcoats draped in plastic to protect them from the dust generated by King
Street traffic. Also on the south side of King Street was Tom Cousin’s Hardware
Store whose eponymous proprietor became a Newtown alderman, and a small stall selling
fresh fish and oysters for 1/- a dozen. Violet was partial to oysters but
usually settled for the bottled variety; she would stop here as a treat.
Above: Hatte's buildings on the south side of King Street and adjacent Brennan's store as it looks today.
Above: An artist's rendering of Hatte's arcade on the north side of King Street.
Along the north side of King Street, close to Sweet Brothers
was a Sargent’s Refreshment room, she recalls Sargent’s pies, which pioneered an
Aussie tradition, as the being the best
she ever tasted. An enterprising
Irishman, Charles George Hatte, owned premises on both sides of King Street;
Violet particularly recalled Hatte’s Arcade which opened in 1904 and which,
from a contemporary artist’s drawing, appears to have been as elegant and well-proportioned
as the Strand Arcade replete with palms and cast iron balustrades. Because
shopping hours were unregulated and the arcade also contained meeting rooms it
was lively at all hours. Hatte, like Cousins, became an alderman and bequeathed
the town an ornate drinking fountain which stood on Newtown Bridge from 1897 to
1929 when the road was widened. It was doomed any way as the council tired of replacing
the little copper cups that were attached to it by chains only to be regularly
detached by vandals.
Artist's drawing of the commemorative fountain Alderman Hatte bequeathed to Newtown.
Next to the station, on the corner of Newman Street, in
premises that had once housed the Sydney Omnibus Company, were the Newtown
Markets which Violet recalled as selling everything ‘from a mussel to an anchor’,
I don’t know if that is an actual expression or just her quaint turn of phrase,
but it is evocative of the myriad goods the markets purveyed. She remembered an old Indian man sitting at
the entrance selling bunches of sarsaparilla which you boiled up and drank as a
‘blood purifier’. Perhaps Violet’s
lifelong interest in naturopathy sprang from taking that sarsaparilla infusion?
All self-respecting markets sold flowers and more than one of Miss Brown’s suitors
felt it apposite to buy her a bunch of violets as they wandered amongst the stalls.
Newtown Markets
A busker at the markets was a man named Albert Brett who had
lost both his hands at the age 13 in an industrial accident at Bakewell’s
Pottery, Erskineville. She recalled him in
1905, playing ‘an organ on a stick’ and carrying a small monkey on his shoulder.
Albert Brett was not a busker all his life though, he became something of a
Sydney celebrity for overcoming his disability and mastering many skills
including writing, sewing, cooking and marksmanship. He received accolades when, in 1914, working as a nightwatchman in Canterbury, he overpowered and arrested
a trespasser and marched him at gun point to the local police station.
Just past the station stands St Georges Hall, built in 1887
as a venue ‘suitable for public meetings, gatherings and entertainments of all kinds’
(Sydney Morning Herald, 1887) and now
part of the Newtown Performing Arts High School. The building has sprung floors
and balls and dances there were presided over by a Miss Allen (I would love to
learn more about her). My grandmother knew that white gloves were de rigeur for
the gentlemen so perhaps she took a turn around the floor once or twice
herself. The hall had a performance space where the Beale Musical Society
regularly staged smoking concerts and operettas.
Further down towards Enmore at 455 King Street was Abels
Bakery from which most households obtained their daily bread. Violet’s uncle worked
there, later moving to Dibble’s Bakery, not the main premises which still stand
adjacent to the Camperdown Memorial Rest Park, but a smaller outlet at 508 King
St. It was from Abel’s that Violet’s wedding cake came when she married my grandfather
in 1917. Near both Abel’s and Dibbles bakeries
is Camden St where Violet recalled living as a teenager, the delicious aroma of
boiling fruit from the Peacock Jam factory ever present. Later Peacock’s moved
to Darlington and was bought out by IXL. Its Camden street site is now occupied
by an unprepossessing block of units; ironically, if the factory had stood and
been converted to apartments it would have been a gold mine for investors.
An image from SIX Maps showing Peacock's Jam Factory in Camden St, Newtown, still standing in the 1940s.
The last anecdote recorded in my grandmother’s four pages of
Newtown notes concerns Albert Brett’s brother, Walter. Violet’s mother was a friend
of the Brett brothers’ mother but the story has nevertheless got twisted in the
telling, though is no less sad or dramatic for that. In July 1901 Anthony
Horderns Haymarket store was engulfed in a huge fire and her story goes that Walter
Brett was stranded on the roof, jumped and missed the sheet firemen held out to
catch him. Walter Brett was indeed killed in the Horderns
fire. He was an employee and was not seeking refuge on the roof but was with an engineer by the name of Dashwood in the engine room attempting to cut
off fuel to the blaze. They were trapped there and their remains weren’t
recovered until a few days after the fire was extinguished.
Ruins of Anthony Horderns Haymarket store 1901
